Rust面向对象
面向对象的特点:对象、封装、继承
- 对象: 数据和操作数据的过程
（1) Rust里面的结构体、枚举类型和impl块
- Rust中没有继承的概念，但是可以通过特征trait进行行为的共享
链接:🥰trait的继承
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| trait A {
fn sum() {
}
}
struct xx {
}
impl A for xxx {
}
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对象
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| struct Dog{
name: String,
}
impl Dog {
fn print_name(&self) {
println!("Dog name = {}",self.name);
}
}
fn main() {
let d = Dog {name:String::from("wangcai")};
d.print_name();
}
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封装
我们只知道有remove,add,new这些方法，但是他们被封装起来了
- 创建空文件夹
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| mkdir learn
cd learn
vim Cargo.toml
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- 在Cargo.toml中进行设置
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| [workspace]
members = [
"getaver",
"main",
]
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- 创建main文件夹
- 创建getaver文件夹
- 在getaver中写代码:
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|
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
#[test]
fn it_works() {
assert_eq!(2+2,4);
}
}
pub struct AverCollect {
list: Vec<i32>,
aver: f64,
}
impl AverCollect {
pub fn new() -> AverCollect {
AverCollect{
list: vec![],
aver: 0.0,
}
}
pub fn add(&mut self,value: i32) {
self.list.push(value);
self.update_average();
}
pub fn average(&self) -> f64 {
self.aver
}
pub fn remove(&mut self) -> Option<i32> {
let result = self.list.pop();
match result {
Some(value) => {
self.update_average();
Some(value)
},
None => None,
}
}
fn update_average(&mut self) {
let total: i32 = self.list.iter().sum();
self.aver = total as f64 /self.list.len() as f64;
}
}
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- 在main里面调用对象
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|
[package]
name = ....
[dependencies]
getacer = {path = "../getaver"}
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- 在main函数中使用
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| use getaver;
fn main() {
let mut a = getaver::AverCollect::new();
a.add(1);
println!("average = {}",a.average());
a.add(2);
println!("average = {}",a.average());
a.add(3);
println!("average = {}",a.average());
a.remove();
println!("average = {}",a.average());
}
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